Bihar (; Hindi pronunciation: [bɪˈɦaːr] (listen)) is a state in eastern India. It is the third-largest state by population and twelfth-largest by territory, with an area of 94,163 km2 (36,357 sq mi). Bihar borders Uttar Pradesh to its west, Nepal to the north, the northern part of West Bengal to the east, and with Jharkhand to the south. The Bihar plain is split by the river Ganges, which flows from west to east. Bihar is also the world's fourth-most populous subnational entity.On 15 November 2000, southern Bihar was ceded to form the new state of Jharkhand. Only 11.3% of the population of Bihar lives in urban areas, which is the lowest in India after Himachal Pradesh. Additionally, almost 58% of Biharis are below the age of 25, giving Bihar the highest proportion of young people of any Indian state. The official languages are Hindi and Urdu, although other languages are common, including Maithili, Magahi, Bhojpuri and other Languages of Bihar. In Ancient and Classical India, the area that is now Bihar was considered the centre of political and cultural power and as a haven of learning From Magadha arose India's first empire, the Maurya empire, as well as one of the world's most widely adhered-to religions: Buddhism. Magadha empires, notably under the Maurya and Gupta dynasties, unified large parts of South Asia under a central rule. Another region of Bihar is Mithila which was an early centre of learning and the centre of the Videha kingdom.However, since the late 1970s, Bihar has lagged far behind other Indian states in terms of social and economic development. It's gained a highly negative reputation among the denizens of India to a degree where being called 'Bihari' is an insult. Many economists and social scientists claim that this is a direct result of the policies of the central government, such as the freight equalisation policy, its apathy towards Bihar, lack of Bihari sub-nationalism, and the Permanent Settlement of 1793 by the British East India Company. The state government has, however, made significant strides in developing the state. Improved governance has led to an economic revival in the state through increased investment in infrastructure, better healthcare facilities, greater emphasis on education, and a reduction in crime and corruption.

Katoria is a community development block in Banka district, Bihar, India. It is one of the part of 11 blocks that make up the Banka district. It is part of Banka Lok Sabha constituency along with other assembly constituencies; namely, Amarpur, Banka, Belhar and Dhoraiya. Katoria Block is bounded by Chandan Block towards South, Belhar Block towards North, Banka Block towards East, Sangrampur Block towards North. Banka, Deoghar, Jhajha, Amarpur are the nearby markets to Katoria. Katoria consists of 223 Villages and 16 Panchayats. Jamua is the smallest Village and Katoria is the biggest Village. It is at an elevation (altitude) of 247 m. The nearest large city to Katoria is Kolkata in west Bengal, and Patna in Bihar. Radhanagar is a village near to Katoria. Radhanagar is situated 4 km from the main market of Katoria. Jaipur is a Village in Katoria Block in Banka District of Bihar State, India. It belongs to Bhagalpur Division . It is located 33 KM towards South from District head quarters Banka. 222 KM from State capital Patna Jaipur Pin code is 813106 and postal head office is Katoria . Jaipur is surrounded by Chandan Block towards South , Mohanpur Block towards South , Deoghar Block towards South , Belhar Block towards North . Deoghar , Banka , Jhajha , Amarpur are the near by Cities to Jaipur. Jaipur From Baidyanath Dham Deoghar to Jaipur can be reached by Bus Auto or Taxi. In the way of Deoghar Hansdiha road, to take left from Jaipur More just after Mohanpur. About 8 k.m. distance is from jaipur More and 25 l.m. from Baidyanath Dham. Jaipur is known as the village of Jagdish Prasad Sah. Jagdish Prasad Sah was a renowned Mahajan of Bhagalpur Division and Santhal Pargana Division. He was the richest person of Banka District. He was the Mukhiya (head) of the Jaipur panchayat for 25 consecutive years. The present four Panchayats were then part of Jaipur Panchayat. He had a one-sided rule in the Jaipur Panchayat (present four panchayat). He was Zamindar (landlord) of Eastern Katoria. His mansion was known for a lot of robberies and raids.